Know Your Frost Dates
The two most important dates for any gardener:
- Last spring frost: The date after which frost is unlikely — safe to plant tender seedlings
- First autumn frost: When the growing season ends for frost-sensitive plants
These dates vary by location and altitude. Check historical data for your area.
Planting by Temperature
| Soil Temperature | What to Plant |
|---|---|
| 5-10°C | Peas, lettuce, spinach, radishes, kale |
| 10-15°C | Carrots, beets, potatoes, onions |
| 15-20°C | Beans, squash, corn, cucumbers |
| 20-25°C | Tomatoes, peppers, melons, basil |
| Above 25°C | Okra, sweet potatoes, some tropical plants |
Weather and Watering
| Condition | Watering Needs |
|---|---|
| Hot + dry + windy | Maximum — soil dries fast |
| Hot + humid | Moderate — some moisture retained |
| Cool + cloudy | Minimal — evaporation is low |
| Rainy period | None — let nature do the work |
| Frost risk | Water soil in afternoon — moist soil holds more heat overnight |
Protecting Plants from Weather
Frost
- Cover with fleece, cloches, or old bedsheets before sunset
- Move pots to sheltered spots near walls (radiant heat)
- Water the soil — wet ground releases warmth overnight
Heat
- Mulch heavily (5-10cm) to retain soil moisture and cool roots
- Shade cloth over delicate plants during heat waves
- Water deeply in the early morning (not midday — evaporation wastes water)
Wind
- Stake tall plants before storms arrive
- Use windbreaks (hedges, fences, or temporary screens)
- Avoid planting delicate seedlings in exposed, windy spots
Heavy Rain
- Ensure good drainage — raised beds help
- Avoid walking on saturated soil (compaction)
- Check for disease after prolonged wet periods
Track growing weather on Weather Tomorrow.
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